active voice | |||||||
present indicative | present subjunctive | ||||||
1sg | ek rýf | 1pl | vér rjúfum | 1sg | ek rjúfa | 1pl | vér rjúfim |
2sg | þú rýfr | 2pl | þér rjúfið | 2sg | þú rjúfir | 2pl | þér rjúfið |
3sg | hon rýfr | 3pl | þau rjúfa | 3sg | hon rjúfi | 3pl | þau rjúfi |
preterite indicative | preterite subjunctive | ||||||
1sg | ek rauf | 1pl | vér rufum | 1sg | ek ryfa | 1pl | vér ryfim |
2sg | þú rauft | 2pl | þér rufuð | 2sg | þú ryfir | 2pl | þér ryfið |
3sg | hon rauf | 3pl | þau rufu | 3sg | hon ryfi | 3pl | þau ryfi |
preterite infinitive | rufu | ||||||
past participle | f. | rofin | m. | rofinn | n. | rofit | |
imperative | 2sg | rjúf | 1pl | rjúfum | 2pl | rjúfið |
middle voice: rjúfask “prove unreliable” | |||||||
present indicative | present subjunctive | ||||||
1sg | ek rjúfumk | 1pl | vér rjúfumk | 1sg | ek rjúfumk | 1pl | vér rjúfimk |
2sg | þú rýfsk | 2pl | þér rjúfizk | 2sg | þú rjúfisk | 2pl | þér rjúfizk |
3sg | hon rýfsk | 3pl | þau rjúfask | 3sg | hon rjúfisk | 3pl | þau rjúfisk |
preterite indicative | preterite subjunctive | ||||||
1sg | ek rufumk | 1pl | vér rufumk | 1sg | ek ryfumk | 1pl | vér ryfimk |
2sg | þú raufzk | 2pl | þér rufuzk | 2sg | þú ryfisk | 2pl | þér ryfizk |
3sg | hon raufsk | 3pl | þau rufusk | 3sg | hon ryfisk | 3pl | þau ryfisk |
past participle | n. | rofizk | |||||
imperative | 2sg | rjúfsk | 1pl | rjúfumk | 2pl | rjúfizk |
PG *reufaną, OE *rēofan II, weak Dutch roven “rob” (which at the Middle Dutch stage gave rise to weak ME rōven), German rauben “rob,” Latin rumpere “breach” and raubāre “rob” (which led via French to MnE rob). Norwegian variants rjófa, rýfa, participle rufinn. Cf. the class 2 weak inchoative rofna.
Corpus search: present active / preterite active / present reflexive / preterite reflexive
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