.: rollover flashcards: Old English Oddities vocabulary :.

Hover or tap the relevant row to see a translation.
[shuffle] [shorter set]

hundeahtatig (num card)eighty
lēohtfæt (1n)lamp
hangian (2)hang
mæþ (2f)measure, degree, extent
(ge)strȳnan (1)gain, acquire; beget, procreate
þriwa (adv)three times
trum (adj)firm, strong
bysgu (2f): occupation; affliction; care
beorgan (III bearg, burgon, borgen)protect, defend; save; spare
wyrdwrītere (1m)historiographer, historian
bewerian (2)defend, protect
drȳpan (1)sprinkle; drip (intr/tr)
mæsse (wk f)Mass
astreccan (1)stretch, extend (intr/tr); (refl) lie down fully extended, prostrate
woruldmann (5m)layperson
lifian (2)live
rēþe (adj)fierce; savage; cruel
ealdormann (5m): official; leader
gecamp (1mn)battle, war
furh (5f)furrow
(ge)æmtigian (2)free up, make available
sacerd (1m)priest
heregang (1m)military expedition (used metonymically of the Babylonian captivity)
munuc (1m)monk; ap munecas
canunc (m)canon (i.e. cleric living under a canonical rule)
staþol (1m)site, location; foundation
acenned (1)give birth; past ptc acennedan incarnate; in that form sometimes to be taken as āncenned "only-begotten"
ætbregdan (III atbrægd, ætbrugdon, ætbrogden)take away, remove; withhold, hold back; withdraw
twēgen (num card/adj)two
stōr (m)frankincense
hringan (1)ring
gemynd (n/f)mind; memory
undern (m)the third hour of the day (c. 9am)
namcūþ (adj)widely known
astellan (1)establish, institute; set forth, present; set (an example)
getācnung (2f)meaning, reference, referent
hunig (1n)honey
alȳfan (1)permit, allow
swēg (1m)sound, noise
ceastergewara (wk m)town-dweller, citizen
munuc (1m)monk
forþgang (1m)progress
cweþan (V cwæþ, cwǣdon, cweden)speak; say; call; mean
æftemǣst (adj)last, final
gesewenlic (adj)visible
dagian (2)dawn
witan (I)know
plēolic (adj)dangerous
fylgan (1)follow (+dat)
forlǣtan (vii)leave, forsake; let; blōd forlǣtan bleed, bloodlet
nēadian (2)force, compel
lārēow (1m)teacher; scholar
flǣsclic (adj)corporeal, carnal; worldly; mortal, human
wītega (wk m)prophet
aþenian (2)stretch, extend
(ge)wilnian (2)wish (for, upon sbd)
sulhgetēoh (1n)plough implement
Rōmānisc (adj/n)Roman; Latin
glæppe (wk f)?bogbean
cȳpemann (5m)merchant
bȳme (wk f)trumpet
bend (3m; 2f)cord
cȳþan (1)make known, declare, announce
sculan (IV)must, have to, need to, ought to
belecgan (1)surround, encompass; cover; beset, inlay
ealdfæder (6m)ancestor
forhelan (iv)hide, conceal
(ge)trymman (1)strengthen, fortify, edify
sīþian (2)travel
sellan (1)give; entrust, commit; sell
yld, ild (2f)age, era; mature/old age
benemnan (1)name; declare; express
bebēodan (II bebēad, bebudon, beboden)command; impose, demand; proclaim; commend; entrust, commit
cwidbōc (5f)book of proverbs
fēond (7m)enemy
onscēotan (II onscēat, onscuton, onscoten)open
bodian (2)announce; preach
winnan (III wann, wunnon, wunnen)strive, fight
eorþstyrung (2f)earthquake
lēof (adj, used substantively)dear sir; my friend
(ge)mearcian (2)mark; single out; appoint; note, indicate
behȳdan (1)hide, conceal; sheathe, put away
regol (1m)rule, esp. monastic code of conduct
Nicenisc (adj)Nicaean, of Nicaea
bigleofa (wk m)sustenance, subsitence; food; necessities; wages
earmlic (adj)miserable
fīras (1m pl)people, humankind
wælhrēow (adj)cruel
licgan (V læg, lǣgon, legen)lie
cynn (1n)kin, race; species, kind
hwīt (adj)white
capitol (m/n/wk)chapter/section of a book; chapter, assembly of clerics
ufan (adv)from above, down
þrowung (2f)suffering; martyrdom, passion
gedyrstlæcan (1)dare; undertake
Ebreisc (adj/n)Hebrew
ǣder (2f/wk f)vein
ā (adv)always, forever
ēare (wk n)ear
seofoþa (num ord)seventh
fruma (wk m)beginning; origin; ruler
bōt (2f)remedy, cure; atonement
gehabban (3 gehæfde, gehæfd)keep, retain; hold; restrain; preserve
gedēfe (adj)due, proper
heardian (2)harden
cweartern (n)prison
lǣcecræft (1m)medicine, the art of healing
gebyrdtīma (wk m)time of birth
tēon (II tēah, tugon, tugen)draw
gemyndig (adj)mindful
gospellbodung (2f): preaching of the Gospel
ælmesmann (5m)beggar
rāp (1m)rope
stæpe (m)step; degree
arīman (1)enumerate, list; recite
endebyrdnes (2f)order; sequence; rank; rite, service; natural course
talente (wk f)talent (a measure of weight)
cirice (wk f)church
lētaniā (wk m)litany (a prayer consisting of a sequence of petitions)
fēgan (1)join
sweltan (III swealt, swulton, swolten)die
gefeoht (1n)battle, fight
swicol (adj)treacherous
amānsumian (2)excommunicate, suspend; exclude; hold anathema
būtan (adv/prep/conj)outside; except; unless
gebīdan (I)remain; wait; await; experience, live to see (+gen)
woruldcempa (wk m)worldly soldier
þyncan (1; þūhte, þūht)seem, think (impers +dat)
tunge (wk f)tongue
gescyldnes (2f)protection
gerēfa (wk m)overseer, estate manager; judge; reeve
twīges (late adv)twice
friþ (1m/n)peace
lyblāc (1m)witchcraft, potioncraft
ǣnig (adj)any
efensācerd (1m)fellow priest
(ge)stȳran, (ge)stēoran (1)steer, control; correct, set aright
mynster, minster (1n)monastery (broadly conceived)
lēahter (1m)sin; crime; not to be confused with hlēahtor "laughter"
belimpan (III)pertain; belong; be appropriate; happen (+dat)
ānnes (2f)unity, whole; harmony
underþēodan (1)subjugate, subject; past ptc underþēod subject, subordinate
fōdor (1n)fodder; food
bodung (2f)announcement; call; preaching; teaching; prophecy; Annunciation
mæssian (2)say Mass
grund (1m)bottom, depths, abyss; ground, surface, land
lēode (1m pl)people
afȳlan (1)defile
(ge)friþian (2)protect, defend; reconcile
cwellere (1m)killer
mæssedæg (1m)mass, (religious) festival
hetol (adj)hostile
betwēoh (prep/adv)between; among
geflit (1n)strife, conflict
wēofod (1n)altar
ǣ (2f)law
þanc (1n)thanks; thought; favour, grace; þances or tō þance = to the satisfaction of (+gen)
abbod (1m/wk m)abbot
blōwan (VII blēow, blēowon, blōwen)bloom, flourish; thrive
frēo, frīg (adj)free
forlorenes (2f)destruction; loss
fugel (1m)bird
forberan (IV forbær, forbǣron, forboren)endure
swincan (III swanc, swuncon, swuncen)toil; be troubled
bealu (1n)evil; harm; attack; pain, torment
corn (1n)grain; seed
(ge)setting (2f)decree, appointment
dōmlīce (adv)judiciously; gloriously, majestically
alecgan (1)put down; kill
abacan (VI abōc, abōcon, abacen)bake
stīgan (I stāh, stigon, stigen)ascend; descend
ēce (adj)eternal
ēacnian (2)increase; flourish, be fertile; conceive; be pregnant; be in labour
pytt (1m)pit
healf (2f)side; half
halgungbōc (5f)book of consecration; pontifical
ēadmōdlīce (adv)humbly
fylgian (2)follow (+dat)
ontȳnan (1)open; reveal
nȳten (1n): animal
sceaþa (wk m)criminal; doer of harm
Cristesmæsseniht (5f)Christmas Eve
gāstlic (adj)spiritual
genihtsum (adj)abundant, plentiful
riht (adj)straight, right, proper
forsēon (V forseah, forsawon, forsewen)scorn, despise
ymbhoga (wk m)care, concern
feohtan (III feaht, fuhton, fuhten)fight
hǣlu (2f)health; \~praise
hwǣtewæstm (1m)wheat crop
eard (1m)homeland, country
erce(of unknown meaning, if any)
unsceþþignes (2f)innocence
forhogian (2)scorn, despise; neglect
gebiddan (V bæd, bǣdon, beden)ask; pray
symle (adv)always, continually, at all times
gedrēfednes (2f)disturbance; agitation; affliction
aslēan (VII aslōh, aslōgon, aslægen)strike (off), beat
æthrine (3m)touch
fēowerþa (num ord)fourth
(ge)samnian (2)gather, collect, summon
middæg (1m)midday, noon
bȳsen (2f)example, model, exemplar
bodig (1n)frame, body
tōdǣlan (1)divide, separate; distribute
(ge)þancian (2)thank; reward
onlūtan (II onlēat, onluton, onloten)bow, bend down
slēan (VI slōh, slōgon, slōgen)strike, beat
processiō (f?)procession
burh (5f)(fortified) town
gebyrdtīd (2f)time of birth
uncūþ (adj)unknown, unfamiliar, strange
tōweard (adj)future, to come
sōþfæstnes (2f)faithfulness; righteousness
andlang (prep/adv)prep along; adv along, onward; on andlang fully extended
woruldgewinn (1n)worldly war(fare)
gesceaft (2f/1n)creature; creation; decree
(ge)tācnian (2)mean, signify, prefigure
metod (1m)God, Lord (lit. "measurer")
hundseofontig (num card)seventy
unrihtlic (adj)unrighteous, unjust
ōþer (adj/num ord)other; second
beswincan (III beswanc, beswuncon, beswuncen)work for, work at
frēond (7m)friend; relative
berewæstm (1m)barley crop
(ge)brōþor (6m)brother
gāstlīce (adv)spiritually
snīþan (I)cut
bān (1n)bone
casere (1m)emperor
smylte (adj)tranquil
bēacen (1n)sign; symbol; (sound) of a bell
(ge)gad(e)rian (2)collect, amass; convene; join
tōforan (prep)before (+dat/gen)
beran (IV bær, bǣron, boren)carry
turf (2f; gen/dat tyrf)turf, sod
beorma (wk m)yeast
sweor (1m)column, pillar
(ge)reccan (1; rehte, [ge]reht)tell, narrate; explain, interpret; govern; extend, stretch
mægen (1n)strength, power
folde (wk f)earth, land
swēgan (1)sound, make sound
heard (adj)hard, firm, solid, strong; difficult
gemet(e)gung (2f)moderation
wangturf (2f)turf, sod
ealdorscipe (3m)authority
ofhrēosan (II ofhrēas, ofhruron, ofhruren)fall on top of, cover, bury
frætwe (2f)ornaments, trappings
þrymm (1m)host, throng, multitude
belūcan (II belēac, belucon, belucen)close, shut; enclose, shut in, lock up
lēaf (2f)permission
gecoren (past ptc)chosen, elect
bētan (1)mend, restore; improve; do penance
dryhtenlic (adj)divine
derian (2)harm
gehealdsumnes (2f)temperance; abstinence; self-restraint; chastity
būgan (II bēag, bugon, bogen)bend, bow; turn; kneel
wendan (1)turn (intr/tr)
sīþ (1m)journey; path; time, iteration
weorþung (2f)honour, reverence; glory
borian (2)drill; insert into a drilled hole
geþingþ(u) (2f)intercession
hundred (1n/num card)hundred; century (Roman military unit); hundredes ealdor centurion
innanweard (adj)on the inside of; innanweardre handa brād as broad as the palm of one's hand
ār (2f)honour; help, benefit; favour; grace, mercy
lāc (1n; 2f; 1m)offering
fremman, fremian (1/2)do, perform; accomplish; benefit; further, advance
dūn (f; m/n)mountain; hill
drȳ (1m)sorcerer; sorcery, witchcraft; one of the Magi
hlǣder (2f)set of steps; ladder
flotmann (5m)sailor; pirate, Viking
bisceopsinoþ (1m)synod of bishops
smēagung (2f)enquiry; discussion; investigation
mǣrlīce (adv)magnificently, gloriously
galdor (1n)incantation; divination; song
etan (v)eat
heafodlēahter (1m)cardinal sin
unhālwende (adj)unhealthy, detrimental to one's health
(ge)rǣdan (1)determine; advise
þweornes (2f)sin, perversity; evil
meolc (2f)milk
līcian (2)please, gratify, humour
(ge)settan (1)set, establish, compose; appoint, decree
sulh (n)plough
arc (2f)ark; chest; coffin
gelēafful (adj)faithful
lustfullung (2f)pleasure, delight
unlūcan (II unlēac, unlucon, unlucen)unlock, open
(ge)hǣlan (1)heal
Ēastersunnanǣfen (2m/2n)Holy Saturday
cwicbēam (1m)quickbeam, rowan
sunnganges (adv)clockwise, in the direction of the sun
bydel (1m)messenger; preacher
māþm, māþum (1m)treasure, thing of value
(ge)unnan (pretpres)grant (+dat of person, +gen of thing)
scīr (adj)bright, clear
geþingian (2)intercede (for), mediate (on behalf of), reconcile (with)
æthwega (adv/pron)somewhat, to some extent; briefly; something
gemanigfealdian (2)multiply
ceosan (II ceas, curon, coren)choose, select, elect
woruldnytt (2f)worldly benefit
wæstm (1mn/2f)fruit, produce; offspring; growth
ungesewenlic (adj)invisible
lofsang (1m)song of praise
rest (2f)rest; sleep; bed
ārlēas (adj)dishonourable, wicked
weaxan (VII wēox, wēoxon, weaxen) grow
gebeorg (1m/n)protection
hwæt (adj)vigorous; bold
eallwealda (wk adj/wk masc)all-ruling (one), almighty
bēam (1m)tree
(ge)wrīþan (I wrāþ, wridon, wriden)twist; bind, wrap; fetter
rihtlic (adj)righteous, just
bescēawian (2)look, see; observe; contemplate; attend to
upstigendæg (late 1m)Ascension Day
þēowa (wk m)servant
yrþ (2f)ploughing; ploughed land; crop
(ge)swutelian (2)show, reveal; explain, clarify
wyrhta (wk m)creator, craftsman, worker
wrīdan (I wrād, wridon, wriden)sprout
(ge)restan (1)rest (reflex.)
swilc (pron)such, the same; swilc swilce such as, the same as, as many as, the same amount as
gafolgylda (wk m)tributary
(ge)dafenian (2)be appropriate, fitting
gewinn (1n)struggle, battle
gelȳfan (1)believe
hātan (VII hēt, hēton, hāten)name, call; be called; order, command
deriendlic (adj)harmful
wiþersaca (wk m)adversary, opponent; apostate; Iūliānus se wiðersaca Julian the Apostate
melu (n)flour
oferswīþan (I oferswāþ, oferswiþon, oferswiþen)defeat, overcome
þēowdōm (1m)service, servitude, slavery
īsern (or īsen, īren, adj)iron
belltācen (1n)bell-sounding, bell-signal
mynegian (2)admonish
elnian (2)grow strong
tōdrǣfan (1)scatter, disperse; dispel
fæþm (1m; 2f)embrace, grasp; bosom; cubit (i.e. the length of the forearm, approx. 50cm); rarely fathom (approx 180cm)
tōcyme (3m)arrival, coming
trēowcynn (1n)tree species
syrwian (2)devise, plot
neoþanweard (adj)down low
hrēow (2f)contrition, repentance; sorrow, grief
fæstlīce (adv)firmly, securely
(ge)cnedan (V (ge)cnæþ, (ge)cnǣdon, (ge)cneden)knead
feoh (1n)livestock; property, money, wealth
geþeaht (1m)deliberation; council, assembly
wyrt (3f)plant; herb
magan (pretpres)be able; be permitted; be possible
gōs (5f)goose
ele (3m)oil
mǣl (1m)measure; mark; crucifix; time, occasion; meal(time)
riht (1n)right, justice
woruldþing (1n)worldly affair, worldly concern
ǣrnemorgen (1m)early morning, daybreak; matins
tīd (2f)time; hour; service in the divine office
tāc(e)n (1n)sign, symbol
Grēcisc (adj/n)Greek
wēsten (1m; f; 1n)desert
(ge)trūwung (2f)confidence, trust
tyhting (2f)incitement, persuasion
bōcere (1m)scholar; author
aweorpan (III wearp, wurpon, worpen)throw, cast; cast out; abandon; renounce
asingan (III asang, asungon, asungen)recite, sing
ārōra (wk m)brass
clipur (1m)clapper, bell-tongue
unfremu (2f)damage, detriment
forma (num ord)first
setlgang (1m)setting (of a heavenly body)
sāwan (VII sēow, sēowon, sāwen)sow
alǣtan (vii)leave, abandon; renounce
cwidol (adj)eloquent
æcer (1m)field; acre
mæsseþenung (2f)the service of Mass
yrre (1n)anger
gewuna (wk m)custom
þegn, þegen (1m)servant; soldier; retainer
hēahreced (1n)tall building; important hall
gebyrian (2)pertain, belong, concern, apply
waru (2f)protection
forgyldan (iii)repay
wlitigian (2)make beautiful
ungedēfe (adj)inappropriate, unpleasant
asmēagan (2)ponder, contemplate
(ge)cȳþnes (2f)testimony; covenant, (Old/New) Testament
seolfor (1n)silver
bēatan (VII bēot, bēoton, bēaten)beat, strike
manigfeald (adj)numerous; manifold, diverse
stȳrian (2)move, stir (intr/tr)
gemet (1n)measure, extent
tēona (wk m)injury, harm; insult, abuse
dǣl (3m; 3n)part; share; amount; extent; fate, lot
onwinnan (III onwann, onwunnon, onwunnen)attack
Egyptisc (adj)Egyptian
(ge)wyrcan (1)make; obtain; earn (+acc/gen)
pāpa (wk m)pope
finol (1m)fennel
brād (adj)broad
yfel (adj)evil; bad, ill
lēan (1n)reward
sǣd (1n)seed
sibb (2f)kinship; peace